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Fiat money

  Fiat money is a type of currency that is backed by a government's legal authority, rather than by a physical commodity like gold or silver. It derives its value from government regulation and is not directly convertible into a physical commodity. The term "fiat" comes from the Latin word "let it be done," meaning that the currency is created by government decree or fiat. This means that the government has the power to declare the currency as legal tender, meaning that it is accepted as a means of payment for goods and services. Most modern currencies, including the US dollar, euro, and Japanese yen, are examples of fiat money. The value of fiat money is based on the confidence people have in the issuing government and the stability of the economy. The government can control the supply of fiat money through monetary policy, such as adjusting interest rates or the amount of money in circulation, to help stabilize the economy. One of the advantages of fiat money ...
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Digital wallet

  A digital wallet, also known as an e-wallet, is a software application that enables users to store and manage their digital assets, such as credit card information, loyalty cards, and cryptocurrencies. With a digital wallet, users can securely store their sensitive information and use it to make online purchases, transfer funds, and pay for goods and services. Digital wallets typically operate through mobile applications, and some popular examples include Apple Pay, Google Pay, and PayPal. They work by linking to a user's bank account or credit card, and once linked, users can make transactions without the need to enter their financial information repeatedly. Digital wallets offer several benefits, including convenience, security, and speed. They eliminate the need for carrying physical wallets or cards and enable users to complete transactions with just a few taps on their smartphones. Digital wallets also offer enhanced security features, such as biometric authentication, to pr...

crypto

  Crypto, short for "cryptocurrency," refers to a digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography to secure and verify transactions and to control the creation of new units. Cryptocurrencies are decentralized, meaning they are not controlled by a central authority like a government or bank. Instead, they rely on a distributed ledger technology called blockchain, which allows for secure, transparent, and immutable record-keeping. The most well-known cryptocurrency is Bitcoin, which was created in 2009 by an unknown person or group using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. Since then, thousands of other cryptocurrencies, often referred to as "altcoins," have been created, each with their own unique features and use cases. Cryptocurrencies can be used for a variety of purposes, including as a medium of exchange, a store of value, and a speculative investment. Some people also view cryptocurrencies as a way to protect against inflation or as a means of financial freedom,...

Difference between AES and DES

  AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and DES (Data Encryption Standard) are both symmetric key encryption algorithms, which means they use the same key for both encryption and decryption. However, they differ in several key ways: Key size: AES supports key sizes of 128, 192, or 256 bits, while DES only supports a key size of 56 bits. This makes AES much more secure against brute-force attacks. Block size: AES uses a block size of 128 bits, while DES uses a block size of 64 bits. This means that AES can encrypt larger amounts of data at once, and is more efficient for modern computing architectures. Algorithm complexity: AES is a more complex algorithm than DES, which means that it is generally more difficult to attack. DES has been shown to be vulnerable to certain types of attacks, particularly those that exploit its relatively small key size. Security: AES is generally considered to be more secure than DES, and is currently recommended by security experts as the preferred encryp...

Advanced Encryption Standard

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a widely used symmetric-key encryption algorithm. It was selected by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as the standard for encryption of electronic data in 2001. AES is used in a variety of applications, including file and disk encryption, database encryption, and secure communication protocols. AES operates on blocks of data, each of which is 128 bits long. The key length can be 128, 192, or 256 bits. The algorithm uses a substitution-permutation network, which consists of several rounds of operations that include substitution, permutation, and mixing of the input data and the key. The strength of AES lies in its key length and the number of rounds of operations. AES-128 is considered secure for most applications, while AES-192 and AES-256 provide extra security against brute-force attacks. AES has become the de facto standard for encryption, and it is supported by many software and hardware platforms. It is widely used in ...

Decentralized exchange

  A decentralized exchange (DEX) is a type of cryptocurrency exchange that operates on a decentralized blockchain network. Unlike centralized exchanges, which are operated by a single entity or organization, a DEX allows for peer-to-peer trading of cryptocurrencies and other digital assets without the need for intermediaries. In a decentralized exchange, all transactions are recorded on a public blockchain, which means that users have complete control over their funds at all times. Users can connect their digital wallets directly to the DEX and trade cryptocurrencies without having to trust a third-party intermediary with their funds. Decentralized exchanges can be more secure and transparent than centralized exchanges because there is no central point of failure or control. However, they can also be less liquid and have higher fees due to the additional complexity involved in executing trades on a decentralized network. Some examples of decentralized exchanges include Uniswap, Pa...

Europe continent

  Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Europe is the second-smallest continent by surface area, covering an area of approximately 10.18 million square kilometers, which is about 2% of the Earth's surface. It is also the second-most populous continent, with a population of over 747 million people, accounting for around 11% of the world's population. Europe is divided into 44 countries, including Russia, which spans both Europe and Asia. The European Union is a political and economic union of 27 member states located primarily in Europe.